Eremenko’s Conjecture and Wandering Lakes of Wada
- Series
- CDSNS Colloquium
- Time
- Friday, April 12, 2024 - 15:30 for 1 hour (actually 50 minutes)
- Location
- Skiles 254
- Speaker
- James Waterman – Stonybrook University – james.waterman@stonybrook.edu
In 1989, Eremenko investigated the set of points that escape to infinity under iteration of a transcendental entire function, the so-called escaping set. He proved that every component of the closure of the escaping set is unbounded and conjectured that all the components of the escaping set are unbounded. Much of the recent work on the iteration of entire functions is involved in investigating properties of the escaping set, motivated by Eremenko's conjecture. We will begin by introducing many of the basic dynamical properties of iterates of an analytic function, and finally discuss constructing a transcendental entire function with a point connected component of the escaping set, providing a counterexample to Eremenko's conjecture. This is joint work with David Martí-Pete and Lasse Rempe.
Can you hear the shape of a drum? A classical inverse problem in mathematical physics is to determine the shape of a membrane from the resonant frequencies at which it vibrates. This problem is very much still open for smooth, strictly convex planar domains and one tool in that is often used in this context is the wave trace, which contains information on the asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a Riemannian manifold. It is well known that the singular support of the wave trace is contained in the length spectrum, which allows one to infer geometric information only under a length spectral simplicity or other nonresonance type condition. In a recent work together with Vadim Kaloshin and Illya Koval, we construct large families of domains for which there are multiple geodesics of a given length, having different Maslov indices, which interfere destructively and cancel arbitrarily many orders in the wave trace. This shows that there are potential obstacles in using the wave trace for inverse spectral problems and more fundamentally, that the Laplace spectrum and length spectrum are inherently different objects, at least insofar as the wave trace is concerned.
The dynamics of a passive scalar, such as temperature or concentration, transported by an incompressible flow can be modeled by the advection-diffusion equation. Advection often results in the formation of complicated, small-scale structures and can result in solutions relaxing to equilibrium at a rate much faster than the corresponding heat equation in regimes of weak diffusion. This phenomenon is typically referred to as enhanced diffusion. In this talk, I will discuss a joint work with Tarek Elgindi and Jonathan Mattingly in which we construct an example of a divergence-free velocity field on the two-dimensional torus that results in optimal enhanced diffusion. The flow consists of time-periodic, alternating piece-wise linear shear flows. The proof is based on the probabilistic representation formula for the advection-diffusion equation, a discrete time approximation, and ideas from hyperbolic dynamics.
Quasi-stationary distributions (QSDs) are those almost invariant to a diffusion process over exponentially long time. Representing important transient stochastic dynamics, they arise frequently in applications especially in chemical reactions and population systems admitting extinction states. This talk will present some rigorous results on the existence, uniqueness, concentration, and convergence of QSDs along with their connections to the spectra of the Fokker-Planck operators.
Continuum theories of physics are traditionally described by local partial differential equations (PDEs). In this talk I will discuss the Sparse Physics-Informed Discovery of Empirical Relations (SPIDER) algorithm: a general algorithm combining the weak formulation, symmetry covariance, and sparse regression to discover quantitatively accurate and qualitatively simple PDEs directly from data. This method is applied to simulated 3D turbulence and experimental 2D active turbulence. A complete mathematical model is found in both cases.
Please Note: Seminar is in-person. Zoom link available: https://gatech.zoom.us/j/91390791493?pwd=QnpaWHNEOHZTVXlZSXFkYTJ0b0Q0UT09
Continuum theories of physics are traditionally described by local partial differential equations (PDEs). In this talk I will discuss the Sparse Physics-Informed Discovery of Empirical Relations (SPIDER) algorithm: a general algorithm combining the weak formulation, symmetry covariance, and sparse regression to discover quantitatively accurate and qualitatively simple PDEs directly from data. This method is applied to simulated 3D turbulence and experimental 2D active turbulence. A complete mathematical model is found in both cases.
In this talk, we study the long-term behaviour of Random Dynamical Systems (RDSs) conditioned upon staying in a region of the space. We use the absorbing Markov chain theory to address this problem and define relevant dynamical systems objects for the analysis of such systems. This approach aims to develop a satisfactory notion of ergodic theory for random systems with escape.
In 1973, Nambu published an article entitled "Generalized Hamiltonian dynamics". For that purpose, he constructed multilinear brackets - equivalent to Poisson brackets - with some interesting properties reminiscent of the Jacobi identity.
These brackets found some applications in fluid mechanics, plasma physics and mathematical physics with superintegrable systems.
In this seminar, I will recall some basic elements on Nambu mechanics in finite dimension with an n-linear Nambu bracket in dimension larger than n. I will discuss all possible Nambu brackets and compare them with all possible Poisson brackets. I will conclude that Nambu mechanics can hardly be considered a generalization of Hamiltonian mechanics.
In the early 60’s J. B. Keller and D. Levy discovered a fundamental property: the instability tongues in Mathieu-type equations lose sharpness with the addition of higher-frequency harmonics in the Mathieu potentials. Twenty years later, V. Arnold discovered a similar phenomenon on the sharpness of Arnold tongues in circle maps (and rediscovered the result of Keller and Levy). In this paper we find a third class of object where a similar type of behavior takes place: area-preserving maps of the cylinder. loosely speaking, we show that periodic orbits of standard maps are extra fragile with respect to added drift (i.e. non-exactness) if the potential of the map is a trigonometric polynomial. That is, higher-frequency harmonics make periodic orbits more robust with respect to “drift". This observation was motivated by the study of traveling waves in the discretized sine-Gordon equation which in turn models a wide variety of physical systems. This is a joint work with Mark Levi.