Georgia Institute of Technology College of Sciences

In synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging, two important applications are formation of high resolution images and motion estimation of moving targets on the ground. In scenes with both stationary targets and moving targets, two problems arise. Moving targets appear in the computed image as a blurred extended target in the wrong location. Also, the presence of many stationary targets in the vicinity of the moving targets prevents existing algorithms for monostatic SAR from estimating the motion of the moving targets. In this talk I will discuss a data pre-processing strategy I developed to address the challenge of motion estimation in complex scenes. The approach involves decomposing the SAR data into components that correspond to the stationary targets and the moving targets, respectively. Once the decomposition is computed, existing algorithms can be applied to compute images of the stationary targets alone. Similarly, the velocity estimation and imaging of the moving targets can then be carried out separately.The approach for data decomposition adapts a recent development from compressed sensing and convex optimization ideas, namely robust principle component analysis (robust PCA), to the SAR problem. Classicalresults of Szego on the distribution of eigenvalues for Toeplitz matrices and more recent results on g-Toeplitz and g-Hankel matrices are key for the analysis. Numerical simulations will be presented.

A tropical complex is a Delta-complex together with some additional numerical data, which come from a semistable degeneration of a variety. Tropical complexes generalize to higher dimensions some of the analogies between curves and graphs. I will introduce tropical complexes and explain how they relate to classical algebraic geometry.

I will present some results on the space-time stereo reconstruction of nonlinear sea waves off the Venice coast using a Variational Wave Acquisition Stereo System (VWASS). Energy wave spectra, wave dispersion and nonlinearities are then discussed. The delicate balance of dispersion and nonlinearities may yield the formation of solitons or traveling waves. These are introduced in the context of the Euler equations and the associatedthird order compact Zakharov equation. Traveling waves exist also in the axisymmetric Navier-Stokes equations. Indeed, it will be shown that the NS equations can be reduced to generalized Camassa-Holm equations that support smooth solitons and peakons.

Let A be a multiplicative subgroup of Z_p^*. Define the k-fold sumset of A to be kA={x_1+...+x_k:x_1,...,x_k in A}. Recently, Shkredov has shown that |2A| >> |A|^(8/5-\epsilon) for |A| < p^(9/17). In this talk we will discuss extending this result to hold for |A| < p^(5/9). In addition, we will show that 6A contains Z_p^* for |A| > p^(33/71 +\epsilon).